JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND
BIOMEDICINE
ISSN.2456-8244
The objective of the present investigation was to formulate liposomes of curcumin using quality by design (QbD) approach and evaluate the formulation for various parameters. A D-optimal experiment design with two independent and two dependent variables was used to optimize the formulation with the best QTPP. The particles of the optimized liposome were found to be having an average particle size of 168.4 nm with a poly dispersity index of 0.421 and a zeta potential of -18.1 mV. The entrapment efficiency was found to be 72.22 ± 0.896 % (n=3). The in vitro release showed that the optimal liposomal formulation released only 72.48 ± 0.832 % curcumin after 72 h. It was found that the liposomal formulation presented DPPH radical scavenging action equivalent to pure curcumin. The inhibition of albumin denaturation of the liposomal curcumin as also equivalent to pure curcumin. The ability of the liposome to combat inflammation on oral administration was compared with that of pure curcumin to ascertain its applicability using FCA induced arthritic model in rats. It was found that the liposomal formulation was able to inhibit more than 50% inflammation on the 21st day compared to 63% by pure curcumin.
NAMES:
ONLINE ISSN:2456-8244
Keywords: Curcumin, liposome, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, optimization
DOI:
1. Rathore S, Mukim M, Sharma P, Devi S, Nagar JC, Khalid M. Curcumin: A review for health
benefits. International Journal of Research and Review. 2020; 7(1): 273-290.
2. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB11672; assessed on 11/01/2026
3. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Curcumin; assessed on 11/01/2026
4. Lakshmi Andra VVSN, Pammi SVN, Krishna Priya Bhatraju LV, Ruddaraju LK. A
Comprehensive Review on Novel Liposomal Methodologies, Commercial Formulations, Clinical
Trials and Patents. BioNanoScience. 2022; 12: 2749-291. Doi: 10.1007/s12668-022-00941-x
5. Kokkinis S, Paudel KR, De Rubis G, Yeung S, Singh M, Singh SK, Gupta G, Panth N, Oliver B,
Dua K. Liposomal encapsulated curcumin attenuates lung cancer proliferation, migration, and
induces apoptosis. Heliyon. 2024; 10: e38409
6. Huang S, Xu D, Zhang L, Hao L, Jia Y, Zhang X, Cheng T, Chen J. Therapeutic effects of
curcumin liposomes and nanocrystals on inflammatory osteolysis: In vitro and in vivo comparative
study. Pharmacological Research. 2023; 192: 106778.
7. Rahman M, Singh JG, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Alrobaian M, Haneef J, Md. Abul Barkat, Almalki
WH, Handa M, Shukla R, Ullah SNMN, Kumar V, Beg S. Preparation, Characterization, and
Evaluation of Curcumin−Graphene Oxide Complex-Loaded Liposomes against Staphylococcus
aureus in Topical Disease. ACS Omega. 2022; 7: 43499-43509.
8. Xu S, Zhang Z, Pang G, Yu S. Preparation and characterization of curcumin loaded liposomes.
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology. 2022; 16(12, S 1): 36-
41
9. Nagayasu, A., Uchiyama, K., & Kiwada, H. The size of liposomes: A factor which effects their
targeting efficiency to tumors and therapeutic activity of liposomal antitumor drugs. Advanced
Drug Delivery Reviews. 1999; 40, 75–87.
10. Chaurasia G. A review of pharmaceutical preformulation studies in formulation and development
of new drug molecules. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2016; 7(6): 2313-2320
11. Goswami RG, Mishra B, Mishra R. Dissolution Enhancement of Cefprozil by Solid Dispersion
Technique. Journal of Pharmacology and Biomedicine 2017; 1(4): 129-133
12. Hazra K, Kumar R, Sarkar BK, Chowdhary YA, Devgan M, Ramaiah M. UV-Visible
spectrophotometric estimation of curcumin in nanoformulation. International Journal of
Pharmacognosy 2015; 2(3): 127-130
13. Liu Q, Cai W, Zhen T, Ji N, Dai L, Xiong L, et al. Preparation of debranched starch nanoparticles
by ionic gelation for encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020; 161: 481–
91.
14. Chu C, Deng J, Man Y, Qu Y. Green tea extracts epigallocatechin-3-gallate for different treatments.
Biomed Res Int. 2017; 2017.
15. Ansari AQ, Ahmed SA, Waheed MA, Sayyed JA. Extraction and determination of antioxidant
activity of Withania somnifera Dunal. Eur J Experimental Biol 2013, 3(5): 502-507
16. Singh AP, Mishra B. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of Rutin using in vitro models. J
Pharmacol Biomed, 2020, 4(1), 211-217
17. Kumari S, Yasmin N, Hussain MR, Babuselvam M (2015). In vitro antiinflammatory and anti-
arthritic property of Rhizopora mucronata leaves. International J Pharm Sci Res 2015, 6, 482-485.